The原始设备制造商, or OEM, builds components that are used to produce a final product, and the OEM’s design engineers play a critical role in the successful manufacturing of that component. The client sends the drawings for the components and other considerations for manufacturing, and it is the responsibility of the OEM to deliver the components to the specifications required by the client.
OEM设计工程师在交付成品和具有出色技术知识的工程师方面发挥了重要作用，bob电竞网址bob电竞体育以及其他客户和OEM都非常希望。以下各节列举并简要解释了OEM设计工程师需要知道的9个关键内容。
绘画技巧
Engineering designspecifications are communicated through drawings, and can include information ranging from the name of the component to the most minute details. As such, OEM design engineers must be able to read and understand engineering drawings. Engineers have an additional advantage if they also possess the skills to生产工程设计and intermediary drawings for designs.
Imagination
OEM设计工程师的任务是使设计思想成为现实的挑战，并且只需要使用一些图纸和规格来构建产品。可能需要广泛的想象力才能设想设计需要什么并确定如何制造产品。良好的想象力和强大的可视化技能是所有OEM设计工程师必须拥有的能力，但是两者都很难教，并且通常要求工程师天生拥有这些技能。
力学
力学是对固定物体或运动的各种力量的研究。它研究力和位移对物体和系统的影响。OEM设计工程师必须精通力学，因为这些知识使工程师可以判断拟议设计的生存能力和约束。
Engineering mechanics can broadly fall into one of two categories:
- 静态：处理在平衡状态下不同身体之间作用的力。
- 动力学：处理在运动或加速时作用于身体的力量。动态可以进一步归类为动力学和运动学。
力学是OEM设计工程师应该对其掌握的广阔区域。
Material Science
这是针对制造目的的材料的科学和工程能力的研究。用于生产产品的材料将取决于最终制造组件的目的和应用。组件运行的环境在为制造组件选择的材料中发挥了重要作用。
OEM design engineers should have knowledge of:
- 结构
- Characterization
- Properties
- Processing
- 表现
工程师还必须对各种材料有深入的了解，以选择最适合每种应用的材料。物质科学知识对于使产品设计成为现实至关重要。
生产流程
Various processes are used tomanufacture a component or product, and OEM design engineers need to have extensive knowledge of those processes. This knowledge will help the engineers to choose the most suitable manufacturing process for each component. The core manufacturing processes every OEM design engineer should know are:
- Casting
- Molding
- Forming/stamping
- Machining
- 焊接
- 3D printing
The OEM engineer should also have knowledge of assembling components to form the final product. Assembly is the step that follows manufacturing, which OEM design engineers should also consider in the design phase.
GD&T
GD＆T代表几何尺寸和公差。制造的零件必须很好地工作以形成有用的组件，但是工程图中的几何尺寸仅概述单个零件的细节，而不是这些单个零件在组装级别的拟合度或功能。需要GD＆T来确保零件在组装级别适合和运行，因此OEM设计工程师必须理解这种尺寸和耐受性的系统，以制造出正常运行的组件。
软件
Any manufacturing or design process in today’s industrial world relies heavily on the use of computers and computer-aided design (CAD). OEM design engineers need to be well-versed with both 2D and 3D design software to read and draw CAD-based designs. Some of the prominentdesign software solutionsOEM design engineers need to be familiar with are:
- CATIA
- 克里
- 西门子NX CAD
- 扎实的作品
- AutoCAD
An OEM design engineer isn’t required to be an expert in all the software on the market, but they must be proficient with the software most widely used in their niche.
Costing
公司产生的利润是收入和成本之间的差额，制造商可以通过增加收入或降低成本来增加利润。OEM设计工程师可以通过降低制造过程中涉及的各种成本来帮助增加公司的利润或底线：
- 过程成本
- Material cost
- Transportation cost
- 资本支出
OEM design engineers should be able to estimate cost based on the design and use their ingenuity to reduce costs without making compromises. Delivering more for less is one of the core mandates for an OEM design engineer.
Soft Skills
OEM设计工程师必须在制造过程中与各种利益相关者合作。这些利益相关者可以包括管理层，客户，供应商，供应商，最终用户，股东，社区和其他员工。
Anyone working with multiple stakeholders needs soft skills to interact and work with the various stakeholders without causing any friction between them. With this in mind, OEM design engineers should have or develop soft skills such as communication, analytical capabilities, and leadership qualities. Mastering these skills can help them to become better engineers.
OEM design engineers play a pivotal role in the successful manufacturing and assembly of components. They need to have a wide range of knowledge and skills to manufacture products according to the specifications demanded by clients. Engineers lacking any of the skills mentioned above should take the initiative to develop these skills and further excel in their role.
